Characteristics of sound wave pdf

A sound wave is both the end product of the speech production mechanism and the primary source of raw material used by the listener to recover the speakers message. Broadly speaking, a wave is a disturbance that propagates through space. What are the different characteristics of sound wave. Two of the main characteristics of sound are pitch and loudness, which in turn are determined by the frequency and amplitude of the wave, respectively. It is produced by the periodic disturbance at a point in the medium. The quality of sound is the characteristic which enable us to distinguish between the sounds produced by. All sound waves are produced by a vibrating object. Since sound is a wave, we can relate the properties of sound to the properties of a wave. The higher the frequency, the more energy in the wave. A portion of the wave will attempt to pass through the medium, while the balance of the wave will reflect back off the wall. The wavefronts are the parts of the wave that are moving together.

Wave characteristics a wave is a transfer of energy from one point to another without the transfer of material between the points waves move energy, not matter a. Thanks to the waveform, sound waves now seem very similar to light and. Ppt characteristics of sound wave sanydo p academia. Sound is a longitudinal wave that travels through mediums like solid, liquid, gas and it is produced due to vibration of an object. Slow fast medium medium smaller index of refraction the amount of bending depends on the change in index of refraction. Em wave em waves are generated by vibrating electrons composed of two perpendicular oscillating.

Transmission of sound requires matter air, liquids, solids as transmitting medium, unlike light e. The distance that one wave travels before it repeats itself is the wavelength. Characteristics of sound waves the open university of sri lanka. Characteristics of sound wave a harmonic motion of constant amplitude in.

Characteristics of sound wave generation in a gas discharge. A pure sine wave is the only sound that consists of one and only one frequency. The change in speed of the wave causes the waves to bend. If a sound wave is observed to travel a distance of 700 meters in 2 seconds, then the speed of the wave would be 350 ms. A sound is made by changes in air pressure caused by energy, like the energy you use to clap your hands. A slower wave would cover less distance perhaps 660 meters in the same time period of 2 seconds and thus have a speed of 330 ms. Pdf characteristics of sound wave generation in a gas. For a random type of wave the sound pressure squared in a band of frequencies is plotted as shown. Characteristics of sound waves 1 characteristics of sound waves 2 transverse and longitudinal waves classification of waves is according to the direction of propagation. Sound consists of a longitudinal wave that includes compressions and rarefactions as they travel through a given medium. Characteristics of sound waves sound travels in the form of a wave. A sound of single frequency called pure sound is called a. This is very much in contrast with the property of light.

Sound wave, waves in a slink, glass vibrations, ultrasound, spring oscillations, waves in spring, seismic p waves, etc. Characteristics that all waves have in common are wavelength, amplitude and frequency. Match the following wave quantities to the minidefinition. Shares with sound the properties of spreading loss, attenuation. Icse 10 physics sound characteristics of sound and. Characteristics of a sound wave mechanical waves and sound. Such a wave has no periodic component, but by fourier analysis it may be shown that the resulting waveform may be represented as a collection of waves of all frequencies. It can be easily shown that a medium air or some other medium is indispensable for the propagation of sound.

Characteristics of a singlefrequency continuous wave moving through space. This waves are the particles of the medium move parallel to the wave s direction of travel. Most waves move through a supporting medium, with the disturbance being a physical displacement of the medium. In this online lecture, ms vaneeza abbas explains 10th class physics chapter 11 sound. Another difference which is above the scope of the syllabus is the fact that sound waves are generally longitudinal waves and light waves are transverse waves. Displaying all worksheets related to characteristics of waves. In transverse waves the particles vibrate perpendicular to the direction of propagation for example, a vibrating string or a water wave in longitudinal waves the particles.

Characteristics of a sound wave definition characteristics of sound waves are. Pitch depends upon the frequencies of the sound wave. A wave is defined as a repetitive disturbance traveling through. A speaker at one end plays sound into the tube, which creates a standing wave of sound. These waves are alternately regions of high pressure and low pressure. The tone of a sound wave can be recognized by the regularity of its. Sound requires a material medium for its propagation and can be transmitted. From ripples on a pond to deep ocean swells, sound waves, and light, all waves share some basic characteristics. Pitch is the brains interpretation of the frequency of an emitted sound. Waves form because water molecules are disturbed, and sound waves are formed by the disturbance of air particles or particles in an object through which sound is travelling, like a door. When this sound wave enters water, its frequency is. We can identify a female and male voice without seeing them. A pulse wave is characterized as one assault to the medium while periodic waves are characterized as a series of successive assaults on the medium.

Longitudinal waves are waves in which the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer, e. In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave, through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid in human physiology and psychology, sound is the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain. Ups and downs this wind surfer is riding high for now, but that will change soon. Wavelength of a sound is the distance traveled in one cycle or. When sound waves are represented in a waveform, we instantly notice some basic characteristics. The number of sound waves produced in unit time is called the frequency of sound waves. Properties of light university of maryland college of. Apart from these properties, different types of waves have a number of varying characteristics. Sound is a perceptual effect caused by a pressure wave of between 20 and 20,000hz being detected at the ear. Worksheets are wave characteristics work name helpful equations, g4 u2 l3 lesson 3 waves, name date anatomy of a wave work, waves and wave properties, wave properties, lesson 1 sound and music the physics classroom, sound waves, amplitude the amplitude of a wave is a. The most basic characteristics of a sound wave are pitch, loudness and tone. Institute for applied problems in physics, academy of. Some waves water waves and sound waves are formed through the vibration of particles. Sound wave is characterized byfrequencyamplitudewavelengthtime periodspeedlets study these one by onewhat is amplitudeit is maximum displacement of a vibrating object from its central locationexplanationwe know that sound is produced due to vibration of particles to and fro motionin to and fro mo.

The sound that we hear around us is the type of energy made by the vibration that travels through the air or any other medium and can be heard when it reaches a persons ear. Sound b has a lower pitch lower frequency than sound a and is softer smaller amplitude than sound c. Characteristics of sound wave definition, examples, diagrams. Sound produced by any means has characteristics like loudness, pitch, or shrillness, and quality or timbre. Sound pressure is measured in decibels db on a log 10 scale relative to a reference level db 20 log 10 p 1 p r where p r is a reference pressure level a common reference pressure level is the threshold of human hearing at 1 khz, referred to as sound pressure level spl a sound with twice the spl is 6 db louder. Law of reflection the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence. So, basically sound helps us to communicate with the other person. The frequency of a sound wave is also the number of vibrations per second produced by the sound source. The more pleasant sound is said to be of rich quality. It is determined by the frequency of the oscillator that is the source of the waves.

A sound wave is an air pressure disturbance that results from vibration. A sound wave does not consist of crests and troughs. As sound waves leave one medium and enter another, such as an air borne wave in a room reaching a brick wall, the wave will undergo certain characteristics. Sounds waves can be either pulse waves or periodic waves. Sound represents a longitudinal wave of wavelength and frequency f which is transmitted by pressure density changes with the speed of sound v in transmitting medium. Review the characteristics of periodic transverse and longitudinal waves such as wavelength, crest, trough, amplitude, expansion, and.

Longitudinal and transverse waves waves transfer energy from one place to another but do not transfer any matter. A sound waves frequency is experienced as the waves pitch. Characteristics of waves worksheets lesson worksheets. Describe the motion that this particle must undergo in order for kate to hear mac. Travelling sound wavescharacteristics of sound waves. The waveform is a pictorial representation of the pressure variation in the air which travels as sound.

The loudness of the sound is the measure of the sound energy reaching the ear per second. Wave characteristics animated slide show illustrating frequency, amplitude, and wavelength from st. Most musical sounds we hear contain a mix of several harmonically related. Characteristics of sound sound waves travel at great distances in a very short time, but as the distance increases the waves tend to spread out. We will begin by describing the characteristics of vibrating objects, and then see. It is the combined length of a compression and the adjacent rarefaction, or the distance between the centers of two consecutive rarefactions or compressions. For example, we can hear the musical instruments like tabla, flute, a guitar due to vibration. The energy carried by ocean waves makes this a thrilling ride, but other waves carry energy, too. Sound wave can be described by five characteristics. Interaction of waves when waves interact, three things can happen to the waves. Only acoustic waves that have frequencies lying between about 20 hz and 20 khz elicit an auditory percept in humans. Wavelength, amplitude, timeperiod, frequency and velocity or speed.

All waves can be thought of as a disturbance that transfers energy. For example, if a source of sound produces 20 sound waves in one second then the frequency is 20 hz. So a sound wave can be considered as either a displacement wave or a pressure wave, with the pressure wave 900 out of phase with the displacement wave. The time period of sound wave is represented by letter t. Hence sound waves cannot travel through the emptiness of vacuum. The faster a sound wave travels, the more distance it will cover in the same period. Sound waves can be described by period, wavelength, amplitude, and for periodic waves we can include frequency. The particles vibrate about their mean positions and do not actually travel with the wave.